Valence Electrons In Magnesium

30-04-2021
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IONIC COMPOUNDS
Simple CompoundsCovalent CompoundsElmhurst College
Positive IonsSodium FluorideMagnesium OxideChemistry Department
Negative IonsIron OxideReview Covalent/Ionic CpdsVirtual ChemBook

This is an ionic bond. Magnesium, found in group 2, has 2 valence electrons and needs to release them to become stable. Sulfur, found in group 16, has 6 valence electrons and takes two from. Magnesium has two valence electrons.

Formation of Ionic Magnesium Compounds

How do atoms of magnesium react with molecules in air to form compounds?

Magnesium ribbon burns in air with an extremely bright white light, giving off a large amount of energy, and white smoke with is mostly magnesium oxide in very fine particles. The magnesium ribbon easily crumbles into a white powder which is a mixture of magnesium oxide (about 90%) and magnesium nitride (about 10%). since air is a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen gases, both elements react with the magnesium metal.

Magnesium Oxide: Determine the formula of a compound formed by the reaction of magnesium and oxygen.

Solution:

First examine the electron arrangement of the magnesium and oxygen atoms.

Symbol
Atomic No.
 Bohr diagram
Group No.
 Lewis Dots
Mg
12
2 - 8 - 2
2
2
O
8
2 - 6
6
6

Write the Lewis symbols for each atom. See graphic on the left.

Determine the numbers of electrons which the atoms will lose and gain by applying the Octet Rule. Mg loses two electrons to have an octet. Oxygen gains two electrons to have an octet.

Mg Atom
Mg Ion
O Atom
O Ion
12 p+
12 p+
8 p+
8 p+
12 e-
 lose 2 e-
10 e -
8 e-
 gain 2 e-
10 e-
0 charge
+2 charge
0 charge
-2 charge

The ionic bond between ions results from the electrostatic attraction of opposite charges.

The final formula of magnesium oxide is MgO.

Magnesium Nitride: Determine the formula of a compound formed by the reaction of magnesium and nitrogen.

Solution:

First examine the electron arrangement of the magnesium and nitrogen atoms.

Symbol
Atomic No.
 Bohr diagram
Group No.
 Lewis Dots
Mg
12
2 - 8 - 2
2
2
N
7
2 - 5
5
5

Write the Lewis symbols for each atom. See graphic on the left.

Determine the numbers of electrons which the atoms will lose and gain by applying the Octet Rule. Mg loses two electrons to have an octet. Nitrogen gains three electrons to have an octet.

Mg Atom
Mg Ion
N Atom
N Ion
12 p+
12 p+
7 p+
7 p+
12 e-
 lose 2 e-
10 e -
7 e-
 gain 3 e-
10 e-
0 charge
+2 charge
0 charge
-3 charge
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The ionic bond between ions results from the electrostatic attraction of opposite charges.

The final formula of magnesium nitride is Mg3N2.

Why does magnesium nitride have subscripts in the formulas?

The Octet Rule is the basis for the predictions about the charges on ions. Ionic compounds are formed as the result of the formation of positive and negative ions. Electrons are actually transferred from one atom to another to form rare gas electron structures for each ion. The atom which forms a positive ion loses electrons to the atom which gains electrons to form a negative ion. A compound is not stable unless the number of electrons which are lost equals those gained.

SUMMARY PRINCIPLE OF IONIC COMPOUNDS

An ionic compound is formed by the complete transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal and the resulting ions have achieved an octet. The protons do not change. Metal atoms in Groups 1-3 lose electrons to non-metal atoms with 5-7 electrons missing in the outer level. Non-metals gain 1-4 electrons to complete an octet.

OCTET RULE:

Elemental atoms generally lose, gain, or share electrons with other atoms in order to achieve the same electron structure as the nearest rare gas with eight electrons in the outer level.

The proper application of the Octet Rule provides valuable assistance in predicting and explaining various aspects of chemical formulas.

How many valence electrons are in an atom of magnesium?

2 Answers

Ernest Z. · BRIAN M. · Jackie Shlecter · Christopher P.

How Many Valence Electrons In Magnesium

Magnesium has two valence electrons.

How Many Valence Electrons Does Magnesium (Mg) Have? Number of Valence Electrons in Magnesium (Mg)? How many valence electrons are in magnesium? How many. Determine the total number of valence electrons for MgBr 2. Magnesium, Group 2, has 2 electrons x 1 = 2; Bromine, Group 7, has 7 electrons x 2 = 14; Total # of Valence Electrons in MgBr 2 = 16; How to Draw a Lewis Dot Structure Step 1. Determine the total number of valence electrons to be depicted in the Lewis diagram.

Magnesium is element 12 and belongs to Group 2 of the Periodic Table. An element in Group 2 has two valence electrons.

Also, the electron configuration of Mg is 1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s² or [Ne]3s². Since the 3s² electrons are the outermost electrons, magnesium has two valence electrons.


Valence Electrons In Magnesium Chloride

Explanation:

The electron configuration for magnesium is shown below.

Magnesium

#1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2#

The valence elctrons are the electrons in the third energy level (3s sublevel has two electrons in an atom of Mg)

Here is a video which discusses how to determine the electron configuration of magnesium.

Valence Electrons Magnesium Have

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